Abstract
Recent basic studies have revealed an unprecedented phenomenon of the emergence of Abstract Sciences (AS) [Wang & Tunstel, 2019] as a counterpart of classic concrete sciences. AS encompasses contemporary disciplines of data, information, knowledge, intelligence, mathematics, and system sciences. AS leads to novel theories and technologies for AI in general, and Machine Knowledge Learning (MKL) in particular [Wang, 2016]. The latest discovery in AS reveals that the basic unit of knowledge is a binary relation (bir) [Wang, 2017] as that of bit for information and data. MKL powered by the breakthroughs in Cognitive Knowledge Bases (CKB) and denotational mathematics will enhance human learning capability. MKL leads to advanced form of machine learning, which enables cognitive machines as an indispensable assistant to humans with mutually sharable knowledge bases towards collective knowledge learning. A wide range of novel applications in AI and cognitive systems will be presented.